Table of Contents for Social Change, Industrialization, and the Service Economy in São Paulo, 1950-2020
1.The State of São Paulo at the Mid-20th Century
This chapter covers the economic and social conditions exisiting in the state of São Paulo in 1950. It was the industrial center of Brazil, but it was primary light industry. The social and economic conditions defined the state as one with high fertility and high mortality and low educational level with the majority of workforce in Agriculture
2.Industrial Growth in São Paulo 1950-2000
: Industrial expansion was the most significant change in the post 1950 period as São Paulo became the primer center of a modern industrial complex with a very significant growth of a new heavy industry sector dominated by auto and truck industries. Government support for this industrialization is examined.
3.São Paulo Agriculture
Modernization of agriculture would be subsidized by government. This involved the emergence of new crops, the development of agricultural research and the application of herbicides and insecticides along with machinery for the growth and production of new crops as well as changes in coffee and sugar production
4.Growth of a Service and Trade Economy
Along with the decline of industry and the growth of a modern internationally oriented commercial agriculture, the other basic change to the economy of the state in the twenty first century was the rise of a trade and service economy. This chapter surveys the retail and wholesale sectors as well as changes in distribution networks
5.Demographic Change in Sao Paulo Since 1950
The population of São Paulo experienced major changes in its fundamental demographic makeup in the period after 1950. In this period the state experienced historical changes in birth and death rates and became overwhelmingly urban. These rapidly declining birth and death rates and rising rates of life expectancy would lead to basic changes in the social fabric of the society.
6.Societal Changes: Hourseholds, Families, Women, and Work
Increasing education, post transition low birth rates and greater participation in the workforce had a dramatic impact on the lives of women. From being the least educated, they became the most educated group in the nation at all educational levels. Marriage and church ceremonial rates declined and single person households increased, and consensual unions increased dramatically for all classes.
7.Societal Changes: Stratification, Color, and Social Mobility
Brazil is one of the most unequal societies in the world. We analyze changing levels of inequality, changes in social mobility during and after rapid industrialization and the basic question of race in this formerly slave society.
8.São Paulo, From an Industrial City to a City of Services
The rise of the capital city of São Paulo and its Metropolitan region is the theme of this chapter. In this period São Paulo became the fifth largest cities in the world . Its changing physical structure is examined as is housing and the growth of services and educational institutions in the city. Also new metropolitan centers in the state are studied as well